Interactives
Applets, fits and games from the courses, lectures and talks of NeutrinoHit. A title opens the interactive, on a page of its own or in the lecture slides; the version in the other language is next to it. Unmarked interactives are in Russian.
Neutrino oscillations
- Long baselines: matter separates ν from ν̄ENMuon-to-electron appearance along a straight path through the Earth for several experiments; switch ordering, matter and δ · mini-course Neutrino Oscillations: from Vacuum to the Earth's CoreIn the slides
- A neutrino crossing the EarthENAnimated flavor content of a neutrino crossing the PREM Earth with electron density along the path · mini-course Neutrino Oscillations: from Vacuum to the Earth's CoreIn the slides
- Explore a pathENOscillation probability vs energy for a chosen path through the Earth; core composition presets, ν/ν̄ and ordering · mini-course Neutrino Oscillations: from Vacuum to the Earth's CoreIn the slides
- Build your own EarthENOscillogram of a modified Earth and its difference from PREM with an iron core · mini-course Neutrino Oscillations: from Vacuum to the Earth's CoreIn the slides
- Interactive Fit: Solar ParametersENFit sin²θ12 and Δm²21 to pseudo-data of the 8B recoil spectrum; change N₀, true values, binning and threshold · Solar Neutrinos masterclassIn the slides
- Building the PMNS matrix from observationsENStep-by-step reconstruction of the PMNS matrix from solar, atmospheric and reactor data · talk Neutrino Physics: Fundamentals, Frontiers, and ProbesIn the slides
- A laboratory of two-flavour oscillationsChange the mixing angle (amplitude) and the path in units of L_osc (phase) independently · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 9AppletRU
- Three flavour probabilitiesA point in the triangle has barycentric coordinates (P_αe, P_αμ, P_ατ); change angles, δ_CP, ordering and L · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 10AppletRU
- Build the PMNS matrix from measurementsSolar deficit, atmospheric disappearance and normalization fill the approximate mixing matrix step by step · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 10Applet
- Explore three-flavor probabilitiesКалькулятор: нейтрино и антинейтрино в вакууме как функции E и L, порядок масс, сравнение кривых, карта (L, E) · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 10AppletRU
- A thin layer and the accumulated phaseChange the refractive index and thickness: the wavelength returns to vacuum value, the accumulated phase remains · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 11AppletRU
- Two waves in matterSet θ_m and the relative phase of the normal waves; see the projection onto the other flavour · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 11AppletRU
- Oscillations at constant densityCompare vacuum, resonance and high density: matter changes the envelope sin²2θ_m and the length L_m · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 12AppletRU
- Slow and fast passage through an avoided crossingFor a slow profile the state follows the eigenvector; for a fast one a transition between branches appears · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 13AppletRU
- Три флэйвора в веществеПоявление νe и ν̄e в веществе Земли: порядок масс, фаза CP и диаграмма (P, P̄) · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 15Applet
Neutrino mass: β decay, KATRIN, CRES
- KATRIN: the endpoint becomes a count rateENTritium β spectrum and MAC-E transmission: retarding window and neutrino mass sliders · talk Neutrino Physics: Fundamentals, Frontiers, and ProbesIn the slides
- The Coulomb correction to the β spectrumChange the charge of the daughter nucleus and compare β⁻ and β⁺ decays · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 4Applet
- One β spectrum and several mass thresholdsWith good resolution each m_i would give its own kink; in a real experiment they merge into one distortion set by m_β · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 4Applet
- The neutrino mass and the energy resolutionCompares the true spectrum with the spectrum after Gaussian smearing near the endpoint · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 4Applet
- The integral spectrum of KATRINThe retarding potential sets the lower limit of the integral; points near the endpoint are most mass-sensitive · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 7Applet
- The neutrino mass from the arrival timesChange the mass, the number of neutrinos and the emission spread; the slope of t vs 1/E² gives m² · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 8Applet
- The emission spectrum and the CRES frequency trackThe slope of the track comes from radiative losses; jumps are collisions with residual gas · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 8Applet
- Боковые частоты CRESКак фазовая модуляция распределяет мощность одного электрона по нескольким частотным линиям · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 8Applet
- Частотный трек электронаНачальная энергия, радиационные потери и растущая частота циклотронного сигнала · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 8Applet
The Sun, nuclei and the Universe
- Resonance as a filter of directionA photon emitted along the recoil gets a Doppler shift and excites the resonance in the samarium absorber · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 3Applet
- Gamow Window AppletChoose a solar reaction (p+p, 7Be+p, 14N+p) and see the Gamow peak · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, solar neutrinosAppletRU
- Синтезируй лёгкие элементыИгра: подберите плотность вещества, скорость расширения и время жизни нейтрона, чтобы провести He-4, D, He-3 и Li-7 через ворота наблюдений (сетка PRyMordial) · lecture The Birth and Life of the UniverseApplet
Mechanics and analogies
- A field line, the mirror point and the loss coneChoose the field line L and the equatorial angle; the particle is reflected or enters the atmosphere · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 6Applet
- Cyclotron motion in two spacesChange the momentum and the field: the electron orbit and the same motion in transverse-momentum space · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 5Applet
- A planar rotorStop the motion at any phase and compare the angle with the tangential velocity · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 5Applet
- A particle in a slowly changing troughMotion, phase orbit and exchange of longitudinal and transverse energy under a slowly changing profile · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 6Applet
- Coupled pendulums of different massesThe mass ratio sets the mixing angle, the spring stiffness the difference of eigenfrequencies · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 9AppletRU
- Связанные маятники в веществеМеханическая модель MSW: укороченный маятник, медленный и быстрый проход через резонанс, гашение вакуумной моды · Introduction to Neutrino Physics, lecture 14Applet
Particles and fields
- Two waves turning a packetENWave packet, interaction-induced wave and their sum; change the coupling strength and time · lecture Attraction and Repulsion in QFTIn the slides
- A Finite Condensate LayerENExact scattering of a chiral wave on a condensate layer of adjustable width a · Baikal school, lecture The Standard ModelIn the slides
- JUNO: one detector, a broad physics programENCosmic clock and a hypothetical p → ν̄K⁺ signature in JUNO (illustration) · talk Neutrino Physics: Fundamentals, Frontiers, and ProbesIn the slides
- How much lead stops a neutrino?ENNeutrinos from the Sun cross lead bricks added one by one towards Alpha Centauri (click to step) · talk Neutrino Physics: Fundamentals, Frontiers, and ProbesIn the slides
- Апплет: два слагаемых финальной волновой функцииПлотность |χ_Aψ_B + ψ_Aχ_B|² в импульсах двух мишеней: когда квантовая волна «срабатывает» на A или на B и где интерференция · lecture What is a particle in quantum field theory?In the slides
- Собственное время и старениеСобственное время ускоренного наблюдателя: ползунки времени и ускорения · The Unruh effect, lecture 1In the slides
- Координаты Риндлера и горизонтКоординаты Риндлера и горизонт: ускорение и быстрота η · The Unruh effect, lecture 1In the slides
- Как энтропия возникает без термостатаЧастичный след запутанного состояния даёт смешанное состояние и энтропию · The Unruh effect, lecture 2In the slides
- Сигнал в детектореПлоская волна в детекторе Унру: чирп при заданных ускорении, частоте и окне · The Unruh effect, lecture 3In the slides
- От запутанности к температуреФермионное поле: от запутанности к тепловому спектру (Ферми–Дирак) · The Unruh effect, lecture 5In the slides
- Интерактивное исследованиеЛаборатория вакуума свободного скалярного поля: реализации, массы, поля и гистограммы · The vacuum of a quantum field, lecture 1In the slides
Light, detectors and gravity
- Reconstructing an eventENTry it: fit the direction of a simulated neutrino-telescope event by hand (angles, photon budget, jitter, group index) · talk Neutrino Telescopes: Principles, Results, and ProspectsIn the slides
- Как сигнал догоняет второй объектДва свободно падающих объекта у горизонта Шварцшильда: сценарии «до горизонта», «на горизонте», «внутри» · lecture Light signals near a black-hole horizonIn the slides
- Диффузия: мгновенная вспышкаДиффузионный отклик на мгновенную вспышку в зависимости от времени · Light Propagation in MediaIn the slides
- Диффузия: постоянный источникСтационарный профиль света от постоянного источника при разном поглощении · Light Propagation in MediaIn the slides
- Область применимости диффузииПричинный фронт против диффузионного хвоста при выбранном времени · Light Propagation in MediaIn the slides
- Отклик оптического модуляОтклик оптического модуля в зависимости от угла к источнику · Light Propagation in MediaIn the slides
- Заряд и временные биныЗаряд и временные бины сигнала при выборе окна регистрации · Light Propagation in MediaIn the slides
Statistics and fits
- p-value и значимость ZКалькулятор пересчёта Z ↔ p для одностороннего и двустороннего теста · Statistical Data Analysis, calculatorsApplet
- Биномиальная доля и интервалыКалькулятор доверительных интервалов для биномиальной доли: Вальд, Уилсон, Клоппер–Пирсон · Statistical Data Analysis, calculatorsApplet
- Bertrand's ParadoxOnline game: three natural chord generators give three different answers to Bertrand's question · Statistical Data Analysis, calculatorsAppletRU
- Gaussian pseudodata and fitFit the width of a distribution to pseudodata yourself · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 1In the slidesRU
- Gaussian limit in Fourier spaceHow the characteristic function of the normalized sum approaches exp(−t²/2) · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 3In the slides
- Central limit theoremHistogram of the normalized sum against N(0,1) for different numbers of terms · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 4In the slides
- Compatibility of two measurementsThe level α, z_obs, the non-rejection region and the two-sided p-value · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 4In the slides
- Mean of a Cauchy distributionThe mean of Cauchy variables does not narrow, unlike Gaussian ones · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 5In the slides
- Landau distributionA Landau-like distribution against a Gaussian with the same median and width · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 5In the slides
- Mixture of two Gaussian distributionsWeights, widths and the distance between means change the mixture shape · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 5In the slides
- Ratio of Gaussian variablesLong tails appear in the ratio of Gaussian variables · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 5In the slides
- Limits of linear error propagationWhere linear error propagation fails for Y = X + aX² · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 6In the slides
- Sampling spread of the standard-deviation estimateTen Gaussian measurements: estimates of μ, σ², σ and their uncertainties · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 6In the slides
- Correlation contribution to propagated uncertaintyDiagonal and correlation contributions to σ_F² · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 6In the slides
- Correlation and covariance ellipseA 2D Gaussian sample and its covariance ellipse for varying ρ, σx, σy · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 7In the slides
- Contour probability and sizeWhich probability fraction a 2D Gaussian contour encloses · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 7In the slides
- Rejection samplingRejection sampling of 6x(1−x): accepted and rejected points · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 8In the slides
- Estimating πEstimating π from the fraction of points inside a quarter circle · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 8In the slides
- A grid in high dimensionsWhy a regular grid loses to Monte Carlo in high dimensions · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 8In the slides
- Rare region with uniform samplingUniform generation wastes points outside a narrow important region · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 8In the slides
- Importance samplingImportance sampling: points go where the integrand matters · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 8In the slides
- Ensemble of counting experimentsPseudo-experiments of a counting experiment, including ŝ < 0 · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 8In the slides
- Binomial likelihoodShape of the binomial likelihood for different N and k · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 9In the slides
- Divisor N or N−1Bias and spread of the variance estimate with divisor N vs N−1 · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 10In the slides
- Lifetime likelihoodLifetime log-likelihood, its quadratic approximation and q = 1 limits · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 10In the slides
- Profiling a nuisance parameterProfile versus fixed slice of a two-dimensional likelihood · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 10In the slides
- Oscillation parametersReactor-spectrum fit: 2D likelihood in (A, Δm²) and profiles from pseudo-data · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 10In the slides
- Uncertainty geometry of a linear fitPoint centre, spread and correlation of the line-fit parameters · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 11In the slides
- Line fit, uncertainties, and an outlierLine fit, normalized residuals and the effect of an outlier · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 11In the slides
- Chi-square distributionShape of the χ² distribution for different degrees of freedom · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 13In the slides
- The p-value on a distributionThe p-value as the area of the right χ² tail · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 13In the slides
- Distribution of a test statisticChecking the χ² approximation at low counts against χ²₂₀ · Statistical Data Analysis, lecture 13In the slides